Containers are lightweight, stand-alone, portable, self-contained software execution environments. Containers have their own CPU, memory, I/O, and networking resources but they share the kernel of the host operating system. Containers are based on Linux namespaces and cgroups. Namespaces (developed by IBM) create resource isolation for a single process while (developed by Google) manage resources for a group of processes. Containers have low startup overhead compared to that of a virtual machine running on a hypervisor. Containers are quickly becoming the basic unit of development and software packaging because they decouple applications from operating systems.
Kubernetes is a popular open-source container orchestration engine used to deploy containerized applications. A Kubernetes cluster offers self-healing (restarts), scaling, scheduling and rolling updates of your containerized applications. These are some of the basic primitives that make up a Kubernetes cluster:
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